Java J2EE

Java is platform independent, secure, reliable, and robust language which gives developers complete independence from hardware, network, and operating system issues when developing any commercial application. Java is based on Object-Oriented Programming methodology which allows the same program to be executed on multiple operating systems. Java as a language has evolved from C++. Although the Java programming language is usually associated with the World Wide Web, its origin predates the Web. Java began life as the programming language named Oak.

Java was developed by James Gosling and his co-workers at Sun Microsystems in the early 1990s. In 1991, James Gosling began extending the C++ compiler to make it more platform independent. He realized that this approach would not be sufficient and so he developed a new interpreter. This interpreter was named Oak. In January of 1991 James Gosling, Bill Joy, Mike Sheradin, Patric Naughton, and several others met in Aspen, Colorado to discuss this project. Mike Sheradin was to focus on business development; Patrick Naughton was to begin work on the graphics system; and James Gosling was to identify the proper programming language for the project. Gosling thought C and C++ could be used to develop the project. But the problem he faced with them is that they were system dependent languages and hence could not be used on various processors, which the electronic devices might use. So he started developing a new language. This language was called Oak which was registered by some other company, later it was changed to Java. Following table showcases the various versions of java developed over times.

Version	Description	Code Name
JDK 1.0	Released on January 23, 1996	---
JDK 1.1	Released on February 19, 1997	---
J2SE 1.2	Released on December 8, 1998	Playground
J2SE 1.3	Released on January 8, 2000	Kestrel
J2SE 1.4	Released on February 6, 2002	Merlin
J2SE 5.0	Released on September 30, 2004. This release was originally numbered 1.5	Tiger-
Java SE 6	A beta version was released on February 15, 2006	Playground

Java platform consists of a Java Virtual Machine and implementations of standard libraries. Sun Microsystems refers to their implementation of the Java platform as the Java Runtime Environment (JRE). There are three version of Java to develop applications.

a) Java Micro Edition (J2ME)
b) Java Standard Edition (J2SE)
c) Java Enterprise Edition (J2EE)

---